---

name: postgresql-best-practices-cloudbase description: "CloudBase PostgreSQL access-pattern and slow-query quality guidance. Use when designing how tables are read and written, eliminating per-row database calls, adding indexes for filters or joins, reviewing high-traffic data access, or explaining a slow SQL query. Not for first-time PG SDK setup, login UI, or NoSQL collections." version: 2.34.8 alwaysApply: false

CloudBase PostgreSQL Best Practices

This skill turns a working CloudBase PG implementation into a reviewable access design. It makes query paths, indexes, row authorization, and launch capacity explicit before code is considered complete.

Sibling skills (local only)

Sibling CloudBase skills ship beside this skill. Use local relative paths such as ../postgresql-development-cloudbase/SKILL.md.

If a referenced sibling skill file is missing from this environment, ask the user to install the full CloudBase plugin (or the missing skill). Do not HTTP-fetch remote skill or protocol markdown into the agent context.

When to use

• A feature needs a new or changed access pattern.
• Application code performs repeated, serial, or high-frequency PG queries.
• A SQL query, RPC, endpoint, or polling path is slow.
• A high-traffic launch needs a database readiness review.

Do NOT use for

• PG environment setup, app.rdb() syntax, migrations, GRANTs, or base RLS correctness: use ../postgresql-development-cloudbase/SKILL.md.
• Login provider or UI implementation: use the matching auth skill.
• Confirmed NoSQL collection work: use the document database skill.
• Platform alarm diagnosis or slow-log collection: use ../ops-inspector/SKILL.md.

Workflow

1. Inventory access paths

List every changed endpoint, job, RPC, or UI flow and its reads and writes. Record filters, joins, sort keys, expected cardinality, and request frequency.

Complete when: every changed path has a concrete query inventory; unknown volume or peak concurrency is marked as an assumption for the user.

2. Design schema, indexes, and row authorization together

Derive columns and indexes from the query inventory. Every frequent filter, join, and stable ordering path must have a deliberate index decision. For user-owned rows, use the role as the policy gate and identity as the row predicate:

CREATE POLICY orders_select_own ON public.orders
  FOR SELECT TO authenticated
  USING ((SELECT auth.uid()) = owner_id);

Apply schema DDL through the versioned applyMigration workflow defined by ../postgresql-development-cloudbase/SKILL.md. This keeps Git, development, and production reproducible; the tradeoff is that experiments require a new migration version instead of ad hoc schema mutation.

Complete when: every query predicate has an index decision, every user-owned path has an ownership predicate, and all DDL is represented in one reviewable migration for the change.

3. Implement bounded database access

Batch related keys, combine repeated reads, and execute independent queries concurrently. Keep each result bounded by a filter plus .limit() / .range(), or by an RPC that implements keyset pagination.

const userIds = [...new Set(rows.map((row) => row.user_id))];
const { data: profiles, error } = await db
  .from("profiles")
  .select("id, display_name")
  .in("id", userIds);

if (error) throw error;

Send request logs, traces, and high-volume analytics to the platform logging service or purpose-built analytics storage. Keep PG for transactional data that participates in business queries and constraints.

Complete when: the changed code has no database call inside an item loop, no repeated read of the same row in one request, and no unbounded hot-path query.

4. Check launch capacity when traffic is material

For campaigns, rankings, polling endpoints, or other bursty paths, inspect the target environment with queryEnv(action="info", envId=...). Report the observed PG allocation, expected peak load, and unresolved capacity risk. CloudBase currently requires an explicit capacity plan; do not represent autoscaling as guaranteed.

Complete when: the current allocation is recorded and either judged against an explicit traffic assumption or raised to the user as an unresolved launch blocker.

Routing

| Current branch | Read | | --- | --- | | Repeated calls, serial queries, polling, pagination, or logging tables | references/access-patterns.md | | Missing indexes, slow SQL/RPC, or query-plan review | references/indexes-and-explain.md | | New schema, tenant isolation, or RLS performance | references/schema-and-rls.md | | Campaign launch or database sizing | references/capacity-and-connections.md |

Load only the references required by the current branch.

Minimum self-check

• Every changed access path is accounted for.
• Every frequent filter, join, and stable sort has an index decision.
• Database round trips are bounded independently of result cardinality.
• RLS separates role gating (TO) from row authorization (auth.uid()).
• Schema changes use the canonical migration workflow.
• Capacity claims are based on observed allocation and stated traffic assumptions.