Marionette

Looking for a co-maintainer for Marionette. If interested just respond in the issue titled "Looking for a co-maintainer".

<div align="center"> <img src="./assets/code.png"> </div>

Marionette is a one-size-fits-all approach to WebDriver adapters. It works with most all web driver implementations, including:

• [x] Chrome
• [x] Chromium
• [x] Firefox
• [x] Safari
• [x] Edge
• [x] Internet Explorer
• [x] Opera
• [x] PhantomJS
• [x] Webkit GTK
• [x] WPE Webkit
• [x] Android

Table of Contents

• Marionette
  • Table of Contents
  • Installation
  • WebDriver
    • Firefox
    • Chrome
    • Opera
    • Safari
    • Edge
    • Internet Explorer
  • Getting Started
    • Driver Capabilities
  • Browser Manipulation
    • Navigation
    • Windows and Tabs
    • Frames and IFrames
    • Window Management
  • Working with Elements
  • Contributing
  • Contributors

Installation

1. Make sure you have Crystal installed. This is a Crystal project and Crystal is required for usage. If you don't have it installed, see https://crystal-lang.org.

2. Add Marionette to an existing project by adding the dependency to your shard.yml

   dependencies:
     marionette:
       github: watzon/marionette
       branch: master
   

3. Run shards install to download and install Marionette as a dependency.

4. Download and have installed at least one WebDriver. See the #webdriver section below for links to various downloads.

WebDriver

WebDriver is a protocol which allows browser implementations to be remote controlled via a common interface. It's because of this functionality that frameworks like Marionette are possible. To use the protocol you first have to have installed one of the many WebDriver implementations, here are some of those:

Firefox

GeckoDriver is implemented and supported by Mozilla directly.

• Downloads
• Documentation

Chrome

ChromeDriver is implemented and supported by the Chromium Project.

• Downloads
• Documentation

Opera

OperaChromiumDriver is implemented and supported by Opera Software.

• Downloads
• Documentation

Safari

SafariDriver is implemented and supported directy by Apple. It comes pre-installed with Safari and Safari Technology Preview.

• Documentation

Edge

Microsoft is implementing and maintaining the Microsoft Edge WebDriver.

• Downloads
• Documentation

Internet Explorer

Only version 11 is supported, and it requires additional configuration.

Note: Marionette specific configuration instructions coming soon.

Getting Started

The goal of Marionette is simplicity, which is why it's written in Crystal. Once you have a webdriver installed and sitting comfortably on your path, using it couldn't be easier:

require "marionette"

session = Marionette::WebDriver.create_session(:chrome)

# Navigate to crystal-lang.org
session.navigate("https://crystal-lang.org")

# Start an action chain and perform it
session.perform_actions do
  # Click the "INSTALL" link
  click ".main-actions a:nth-child(1)"
end

sleep 5
session.close

Driver Capabilities

Different drivers have different capabilities available to them. To make setting them a little easier, there's the DriverOptions module which is extended by Marionette itself. Take, for instance, Chrome:

# Make this instance headless
options = Marionette.chrome_options(args: ["headless"])

# Create a Chrome session
session = Marionette::WebDriver.create_session(:chrome, capabilities: options)

args in this case are arguments to be passed to the browser itself rather than the driver. If you wish to pass arguments to the driver you can use the args parameter in the create_session method.

Browser Manipulation

As shown above, you can initialize a new driver session for whatever driver you want using Marionette::WebDriver.create_session, the first and most important argument to which is :browser. Browser can be any of :chrome, :firefox, :opera, :safari, :edge, :internet_explorer, :webkit_gtk, :wpe_webkit, or :android.

If the driver for the chosen browser is installed under its usual name that should be all you need to do, if not you may need to provide the binary location via the :exe_path argument. Other notable arguments are:

• :port - sets the port you want the driver to listen on
• :env - a hash of environment variables for the driver to be aware of
• :args - a string array of arguments to pass to the webdriver process
• :options - a JSON compatible structure containing browser options. see here for some nice helpers.

Navigation

#navigate

The first thing you will want to do after launching a browser is to open your website. This can be achieved in a single line:

session.navigate("https://crystal-lang.org")

#current_url

You can read the current URL from the browser’s address bar using:

session.current_url
# => https://crystal-lang.org

#back

Pressing the browser’s back button:

session.back

#forward

Pressing the browser’s forward button:

session.forward

#refresh

Refresh the current page:

session.refresh

#title

You can read the current page title from the browser:

session.title
# => Crystal | The Crystal Programming Language

Windows and Tabs

WebDriver does not make the distinction between windows and tabs. If your site opens a new tab or window, Marionette will let you work with it using a window handle. Each window has a unique identifier which remains persistent in a single session.

#current_window

You can get the currently active window using:

session.current_window

This returns a Window instance containing a handle and allowing certain functions to be performed directly on the window instance.

#windows

You can get an array of all currently opened windows using:

session.windows

#new_window

You can create a new window or tab using:

session.new_window(:window) # default
session.new_window(:tab)

# Or using the Window object

Marionette::Window.new(:window) # default
Marionette::Window.new(:tab)

#switch_to_window

To interact with other windows you have to switch to them, this can be done with:

session.switch_to_window(window)

# Or using the Window object

window.switch

#close_window

When you are finished with a window or tab and it is not the last window or tab open in your browser, you should close it and switch back to the window you were using previously:

session.close_window(window)

# Or using the Window object

window.close

#close_current_window

Think of this is a shortcut to #close_window but for the currently active window:

session.close_current_window

#stop

When you are finished with the browser session you should call stop, instead of close:

session.stop

Stop will:

• Close all the windows and tabs associated with that WebDriver session
• Close the browser process
• Close the background driver process

Stop will be automatically closed on process exit.

Frames and IFrames

Frames are a now deprecated means of building a site layout from multiple documents on the same domain. You are unlikely to work with them unless you are working with an pre HTML5 webapp. Iframes allow the insertion of a document from an entirely different domain, and are still commonly used.

If you need to work with frames or iframes, WebDriver allows you to work with them in the same way. Consider a button within an iframe. If we inspect the element using the browser development tools, we might see the following:

<div id="modal">
  <iframe id="buttonframe" name="myframe"  src="https://watzon.github.io">
   <button>Click here</button>
 </iframe>
</div>

If it was not for the iframe we would expect to click on the button using something like:

session.find_element!("button").click

However, if there are no buttons outside of the iframe, you might instead get a no such element error. This happens because Marionette is only aware of the elements in the top level document. To interact with the button, we will need to first switch to the frame, in a similar way to how we switch windows. WebDriver offers three ways of switching to a frame.

#switch_to_frame

The switch_to_frame session method allows us to tell the WebDriver that