Note: Please consider using the follow-up project instead: Numbat.

you can read more about why Insect has been rewritten from scratch here.

insect

A high-precision scientific calculator with full support for physical units.

Documentation
Reference
Pros and cons
FAQ
Terminal version
Development
Maintainers

Documentation

Evaluate mathematical expressions:
```
1920/16*9
2^32
sqrt(1.4^2 + 1.5^2) * cos(pi/3)^2
```
- Operators: addition (+), subtraction (-), multiplication (*, ·, ×), division (/, ÷, per), exponentiation (^, **). Full list: see Reference below.
- Mathematical functions: abs, acos, acosh, acot/arccotangent, acoth/archypcotangent, acsc/arccosecant, acsch/archypcosecant, arcsecant, asech/archypsecant, asin, asinh, atan2, atan, atanh, ceil, cos, cosh, cot/cotangent, coth/hypcotangent, csc/cosecant, csch/hypcosecant, exp, floor, fromCelsius, fromFahrenheit, gamma, ln, log10, log, maximum, mean, minimum, round, secant, sech/hypsecant, sin, sinh, sqrt, tan, tanh, toCelsius, toFahrenheit.
- High-precision numeric type with 30 significant digits that can handle very large (or small) exponents like 10^(10^10).
- Exponential notation: 6.022e23.
- Hexadecimal, octal and binary number input:
```
0xFFFF
0b1011
0o32
0x2.F
0o5p3
```

Physical units: parsing and handling, including metric prefixes:

2 min + 30 s
40 kg * 9.8 m/s^2 * 150 cm
sin(30°)

Supported units: see Reference section below.
Implicit conversions: 15 km/h * 30 min evaluates to 7.5 km.

Useful error messages:

> 2 watts + 4 newton meter

Conversion error:
  Cannot convert unit N·m (base units: kg·m²·s⁻²)
              to unit W (base units: kg·m²·s⁻³)

Explicit unit conversions: the -> conversion operator (aliases: →, ➞, to):

60 mph -> m/s
500 km/day -> km/h
1 mrad -> degree
52 weeks -> days
5 in + 2 ft -> cm
atan(30 cm / 2 m) -> degree
6 Mbit/s * 1.5 h -> GB

Variable assignments:

Example: mass of the earth
```
r = 6000km
vol = 4/3 * pi * r^3
density = 5 g/cm^3
vol * density -> kg
```
Example: oscillation period of a pendulum
```
len = 20 cm
2pi*sqrt(len/g0) -> ms
```
- Predefined constants (type list to see them all): speed of light (c), Planck's constant (h_bar), electron mass (electronMass), elementary charge (elementaryCharge), magnetic constant (µ0), electric constant (eps0), Bohr magneton (µ_B), Avogadro's constant (N_A), Boltzmann constant (k_B), gravitational acceleration (g0), ideal gas constant (R), ...
- Last result: you can use ans (answer) or _ to refer to the result of the last calculation.

User-defined functions:

Example: kinetic energy

kineticEnergy(mass, speed) = 0.5 * mass * speed^2 -> kJ

kineticEnergy(800 kg, 120 km/h)

Example: barometric formula

P0 = 1 atm
T0 = fromCelsius(15)
tempGradient = 0.65 K / 100 m

pressure(height) = P0 * (1 - tempGradient * height / T0)^5.255 -> hPa

pressure(1500 m)

Sums and products:

Syntax:

sum(<expression>, <index-variable>, <from>, <to>)
product(<expression>, <index-variable>, <from>, <to>)

Examples:

# sum of the first ten squares
sum(k^2, k, 1, 10)

# the factorial of n as the product 1 × 2 × ... × n
myFactorial(n) = product(k, k, 1, n)

Unicode support:
```
λ = 2 × 300 µm
ν = c/λ → GHz
```
And more: tab completion, command history (arrow keys, Ctrl+R), pretty printing, syntax highlighting, ...

Reference

Operators (ordered by precedence: high to low)

| Operator | Syntax | |---------------------------|----------------------| | factorial | ! | | square, cube, ... | ², ³, ⁻¹, ... | | exponentiation | ^, ** | | multiplication (implicit) | whitespace | | modulo | % | | division | per | | division | /, ÷ | | multiplication (explicit) | *, ·, × | | subtraction | - | | addition | + | | unit conversion | ->, →, ➞, to | | assignment | = |

Note that implicit multiplication has a higher precedence than division, i.e. 50 cm / 2 m will be parsed as 50 cm / (2 m).
Commands

| Command | Syntax | |--------------------------|--------------------| | help text | help, ? | | list of variables | list, ls, ll | | reset environment | reset | | clear screen | clear, cls | | copy result to clipboard | copy, cp | | quit (CLI) | quit, exit |
Supported units (remember that you can use tab completion).

All SI-accepted units support metric prefixes and binary prefixes (MiB, GiB, ...).

| Unit |------------------------------------------------------------- | Ampere | Ångström | Astronomical | Atmosphere | Bar | Barn | Becquerel | Bel | Bit | Bits | British | Byte | Calorie | Candela | Coulomb | Cup | DPI | Day | Degree | Dot | Electronvolt | Euro | [Farad](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F | Syntax | -----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------| | amperes, ampere, A | | angstroms, angstrom, Å | unit | AU, au, astronomicalunits, astronomicalunit | | atm | | bars, bar | | barns, barn | | becquerels, becquerel, Bq | | bels, bel | | bits, bit | per second | bps | thermal unit | BTU | | Bytes, bytes, Byte, byte, B, Octets, octets, Octet, octet | | calories, calorie, cal | | candelas, candela, cd | | coulombs, coulomb, C | | cups, cup | | dpi | | days, day, d | | degrees, degree, deg, ° | | dots, dot | | electronvolts, electronvolt, eV | | euros, euro, EUR, € |

Insect

Install / Use

README

Note: Please consider using the follow-up project instead: Numbat.

Contents

Documentation

Reference