Tree

Simple fast compact user-readable binary-safe extensible structural format. Read more in a detailed overview.

more - better | JSON | XML | YAML | INI | Tree -----------------------------------|------|-----|------|-----|----- Readability | 3 | 1 | 4 | 5 | 5 Edit-friendly | 3 | 1 | 4 | 5 | 5 Deep hierarchy | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 5 Simple to implement | 3 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 5 Performance | 3 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 5 Size | 3 | 1 | 4 | 5 | 5 Streaming | 0 | 0 | 5 | 5 | 5 Binary-safe | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 Universality | 4 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 5 Prevalence | 5 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 1 Text editors support | 5 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 3 Languages support | 4 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 2

Short description

Structural-nodes represents as names that can not contain [\s\n\\]. Example of structural nodes:

first-level second-level third-level
first-level
	first-of-second-level third-level
	second-of-second-level

Indents must use tabs, lines must use unix line ends.

Data-nodes represents as raw data between [\\] and [\n] characters. Example

\hello
\world
\
	\hello
	\world

In one line may be any count of structural-nodes, but only one data-node at the end.

article
	title \Hello world
	description
		\This is demo of tree-format
		\Cool! Is not it? :-)

Reference Implementation

Grammar using grammar.tree language

Tree based languages

More examples.

Online sandbox

Performances

• Tree - единый AST чтобы править всеми - more info about format and tree-based languages
• Что не так с сорсмапами и как с ними не связываться? - using tree for DSL with sourcemaps

IDE support

• SynWrite
• Syntax highlighting for IntelliJ IDEA
• Syntax highlighting for Atom
• Syntax highlighting for Visual Studio Code
• Syntax highlighting for Sublime
• Syntax highlighting for Emacs

Other implementations

• TypeScript

Similar formats

• Tree Notation

D API

Parsing

    string data = cast(string) read( "path/to/file.tree" ); // read from file
    Tree tree = new Tree( data , "http://example.org/source/uri" ); // parse to tree

Simple queries

    Tree userNames = tree.select( "user name" ); // returns name-nodes
    Tree userNamesValues = tree.select( "user name " ); // returns value-nodes

Node info

    string name = userNames[0].name; // get node name
    string stringValue = userNames[0].value; // get value as string with "\n" as delimiter
    uint intValue =  userNames[0].value!uint; // get value converted from string to another type

    Tree[] childs = tree.childs; // get child nodes array
    string baseUri = tree.baseUri; // get base uri like "http://example.org/source/uri"
    size_t row = tree.row; // get row in source stream
    size_t col = tree.col; // get column in source stream
    string uri = tree.uri; // get uri like "http://example.org/source/uri#3:2"

Nodes creation

	Tree values = Tree.Values( "foo\nbar" , [] );
	Tree name = Tree.Name( "name" , values );
	Tree list = Tree.List( [ name , name ] );
	Tree firstLineName = name.clone( [ name[0] );

Serialization

    string data = tree.toString(); // returns string representation of tree
    tree.pipe( stdout ); // prints tree to output buffer

Benchmarks

void main() {
	
	import std.datetime.stopwatch, std.json, jin.tree, std.stdio, std.file;
	
	string dataTree = cast(string) read( "formats/sample.tree" );
	string dataJson = cast(string) read( "formats/sample.json" );
	
	Tree tree;
	JSONValue json;
	
	void measureTree() {
    	tree = new Tree( dataTree , "formats/sample.tree" );
	}
	
	void measureJson() {
    	json = parseJSON( dataJson );
	}
	
	auto res = benchmark!( measureTree, measureJson )(100);
	
	res.writeln;
}

rdmd source/bench --build=release

Parse

| jin.tree | std.json |----------|--------- | 204 ms | 372 ms