HDD/SSD Desktop-Class Reliability Test

This is a project to estimate reliability of desktop-class HDD/SSD drives by the analysis of SMART data collected by Linux users at https://linux-hardware.org. The primary aim of the project is to find drives with longest power-on hours (POH) and minimal number of errors, i.e. maximal MTBF (mean time between failures).

Everyone can contribute to this report by uploading probes of their computers by the hw-probe tool:

sudo -E hw-probe -all -upload

This is a report for consumer drives. Report for enterprise drives: EnterpriseDrive

Total drives: 285751.

About
HDD by Model
HDD by Vendor
SSD by Model
SSD by Vendor
NVMe by Model
NVMe by Vendor

About

The structure of the reports directory is the following:

{KIND OF DRIVE}/{VENDOR}/{MODEL PREFIX}/{MODEL}/{DRIVE ID}

( e.g. HDD/Seagate/ST1000/ST1000LM035-1RK172/3F1554E2F97E )

Based on SMART data we determine most reliable drive models and vendors by the following formula:

MTBF = Power_On_Hours / ( 1 + Number_Of_Important_Errors ) / ( 365*24 )

( i.e. MTBF = "Years before/between errors" )

Number_Of_Important_Errors - number of important errors that can indicate a drive failure:

Current_Pending_Sector
ECC_Uncorr_Error_Count
End-to-End_Error
Offline_Uncorrectable
Reallocated_Event_Count
Reallocated_Sector_Ct
Reported_Uncorrect
Soft_Read_Error_Rate
Spin_Retry_Count
Total_Pending_Sectors
Unc_Soft_Read_Err_Rate

One can estimate reliability of a hard drive (i.e. probability that the unit will work for some time T without failure) by:

Reliability(T) = exp(-T/MTBF)

The list of important SMART attributes is taken from recent studies of Google [1], Backblaze [2] and Acronis [3]. If an attribute exceeds the value of 1000 then it's counted as '1000 + log10(X - 999)'.

The list of tracked attributes and MTBF calculation method can be discussed. Please suggest your ideas in "issues".

You can perform your own analysis of collected reports if needed.

[1] Google, "Failure Trends in a Large Disk Drive Population" (https://research.google.com/archive/disk_failures.pdf)
[2] Backblaze, "Hard Drive SMART Stats" (https://www.backblaze.com/blog/hard-drive-smart-stats/)
[3] Acronis, "Acronis Drive Monitor: Disk Health Calculation" (https://kb.acronis.com/content/9264)

HDD by Model

Please take all columns into account when reading the table. Pay attention on the number of tested samples and power-on days. Simultaneous high values of both MTBF and errors are possible if only rare drives in the subset encounter errors.

Days - avg. days per sample, Err - avg. errors per sample, MTBF - avg. MTBF in years per sample.

See full list of tested HDD samples in the Appendix 1 (All_HDD.md).

See top 1000 of tested HDD models in the Top1000_HDD.md.

| MFG | Model | Size | Samples | Days | Err | MTBF | |-----------|--------------------|--------|---------|-------|-------|------| | Samsung | HM020GI | 20 GB | 2 | 6601 | 0 | 18.09 | | Hitachi | HUA7275SASUN750G | 752 GB | 2 | 5915 | 0 | 16.21 | | HP | GB0160EAFJE | 160 GB | 2 | 3447 | 0 | 9.44 | | WDC | WD6400AAVS-00G9B0 | 640 GB | 2 | 3191 | 0 | 8.74 | | WDC | WD5000AAKS-60A7B0 | 500 GB | 2 | 3047 | 0 | 8.35 | | WDC | WD20EZRX-19D8PB0 | 2 TB | 3 | 3026 | 0 | 8.29 | | HGST | HUP722020APA330 | 2 TB | 2 | 2688 | 0 | 7.36 | | HPE | MB0500EBNCR | 500 GB | 5 | 2835 | 183 | 7.34 | | Hitachi | HUA7210SASUN1.0T | 1 TB | 12 | 2672 | 0 | 7.32 | | Hitachi | HUA721075KLA330 | 752 GB | 4 | 3103 | 2 | 7.30 | | Toshiba | MB3000GDUPA | 3 TB | 4 | 2657 | 0 | 7.28 | | WDC | WD4000FYYZ-50UL1B0 | 4 TB | 7 | 2818 | 1 | 7.17 | | WDC | WD7500AAVS-00D7B0 | 752 GB | 3 | 3077 | 1 | 7.12 | | WDC | WD1000FYPS-01ZKB0 | 1 TB | 3 | 2471 | 0 | 6.77 | | Hitachi | HDS7216SBSUN160G | 160 GB | 2 | 4110 | 2 | 6.76 | | Hitachi | HUA722020ALA330... | 2 TB | 2 | 2417 | 0 | 6.62 | | HP | GB0500EAFYL | 500 GB | 3 | 2738 | 1 | 6.58 | | WDC | WD1002FBYS-50A6B0 | 1 TB | 2 | 2401 | 0 | 6.58 | | Seagate | ST3000VM002-1F316N | 3 TB | 2 | 2381 | 0 | 6.53 | | Toshiba | MK2002TSKB | 2 TB | 11 | 2367 | 2 | 6.49 | | WDC | WD800JD-75MSA1 | 80 GB | 2 | 2361 | 0 | 6.47 | | WDC | WD2500AAJS-07VWA0 | 250 GB | 2 | 2354 | 0 | 6.45 | | WDC | WD5001AALS-00J7B0 | 500 GB | 2 | 2335 | 0 | 6.40 | | Seagate | ST4000DX000-1CL160 | 4 TB | 2 | 2334 | 0 | 6.40 | | Seagate | ST6000DM001-1XY17Z | 6 TB | 10 | 2322 | 0 | 6.36 | | WDC | WD2502ABYS-18B7A0 | 250 GB | 13 | 2969 | 2 | 6.32 | | WDC | WD5000AAKS-75YGA0 | 500 GB | 3 | 2294 | 0 | 6.29 | | Hitachi | HDS724040ALE640 | 4 TB | 20 | 2357 | 69 | 6.26 | | Seagate | ST4000DM000-1CD168 | 4 TB | 2 | 2274 | 0 | 6.23 | | Hitachi | HUA721050KLA330 | 500 GB | 7 | 2259 | 0 | 6.19 | | HGST | MB6000GEBTP | 6 TB | 3 | 2206 | 0 | 6.04 | | WDC | WD1001FALS-00K1B0 | 1 TB | 2 | 2199 | 0 | 6.02 | | HP | MB2000EAZNL | 2 TB | 3 | 2181 | 0 | 5.98 | | Hitachi | HUA722020ALA330 | 2 TB | 41 | 2786 | 57 | 5.96 | | WDC | WD1002FBYS-01A6B0 | 1 TB | 14 | 3114 | 146 | 5.94 | | WDC | WD10EVDS-63N5B1 | 1 TB | 6 | 2535 | 2 | 5.93 | | WDC | WD2502ABYS-02B7A0 | 256 GB | 19 | 2726 | 5 | 5.81 | | WDC | WD20EADS-32S2B0 | 2 TB | 3 | 2484 | 4 | 5.81 | | WDC | WD1003FBYX-01Y7B2 | 1 TB | 3 | 2660 | 1 | 5.81 | | WDC | WD5000ABYS-01TNA0 | 500 GB | 2 | 2117 | 0 | 5.80 | | WDC | WD1002FBYS-05A6B0 | 1 TB | 11 | 2985 | 28 | 5.80 | | WDC | WD3200AVJB-63J5A0 | 320 GB | 2 | 2113 | 0 | 5.79 | | Hitachi | HDS5C3030ALA630 | 3 TB | 19 | 2358 | 2 | 5.79 | | WDC | WD3200KS-00PFB0 | 320 GB | 7 | 2297 | 14 | 5.77 | | Seagate | ST6000NM0125-1Y... | 6 TB | 3 | 2104 | 0 | 5.76 | | WDC | WD3200AACS-00M6B0 | 320 GB | 2 | 2575 | 5 | 5.73 | | Hitachi | HUA722020ALA330... | 2 TB | 2 | 2087 | 0 | 5.72 | | WDC | WD6400AAKS-40H2B0 | 640 GB | 11 | 2473 | 77 | 5.71 | | WDC | WD3000HLFS-01G6U1 | 304 GB | 2 | 2066 | 0 | 5.66 | | Samsung | HE160HJ | 160 GB | 3 | 3337 | 339 | 5.66 | | Hitachi | HUA723030ALA640... | 3 TB | 2 | 2062 | 0 | 5.65 | | IBM/Hi... | IC35L120AVV207-0 | 128 GB | 2 | 2350 | 1 | 5.59 | | WDC | WD3000BLFS-01YBU0 | 304 GB | 6 | 2016 | 0 | 5.52 | | Seagate | ST1000NM0053-1C... | 1 TB | 3 | 2006 | 0 | 5.50 | | Hitachi | HUA721010KLA330 | 1 TB | 41 | 2504 | 53 | 5.49 | | Seagate | ST5000NM0084-1H... | 5 TB | 2 | 1991 | 0 | 5.46 | | Seagate | ST31000340NS EIT | 1 TB | 2 | 1989 | 0 | 5.45 | | WDC | WD5000AUDX-73H9TY0 | 500 GB | 2 | 1985 | 0 | 5.44 | | WDC | WD6401AALS-00E8B0 | 640 GB | 7 | 1975 | 0 | 5.41 | | WDC | WD5000BHTZ-04JCPV0 | 500 GB | 2 | 1970 | 0 | 5.40 | | WDC | WD2500KS-22MJB0 | 250 GB | 2 | 1943 | 0 | 5.32 | | HPE | MB8000GEQUU | 8 TB | 3 | 1926 | 0 | 5.28 | | WDC | WD400BD-55MTA1 | 40 GB | 2 | 1922 | 0 | 5.27 | | WDC | WD3000GLFS-01F8U0 | 304 GB | 10 | 2335 | 116 | 5.25 | | WDC | WD5000BUCT-63PUZY0 | 500 GB | 4 | 2078 | 1 | 5.24 | | WDC | WD5000AAKX-753CA0 | 500 GB | 4 | 1912 | 0 | 5.24 | | WDC | WD4000AAJS-22YFA0 | 400 GB | 2 | 1904 | 0 | 5.22 | | HGST | HUS726060ALA640 | 6 TB | 7 | 2215 | 1 | 5.20 | | WDC | WD5000AVVS-63ZWB0 | 500 GB | 8 | 2405 | 6 | 5.19 | | Hitachi | HDS722020ALA330... | 2 TB | 4 | 2606 | 73 | 5.18 | | HGST | HDN728080ALE604 | 8 TB | 16 | 1882 | 0 | 5.16 | | WDC | WD15EARS-32MVWB0 | 1.5 TB | 5 | 1875 | 0 | 5.14 | | Seagate | ST3160828AS | 160 GB | 2 | 1874 | 0 | 5.14 | | WDC | WD5000BHTZ-04JCPV1 | 500 GB | 5 | 2448 | 168 | 5.11 | | WDC | WD1003FBYX-50Y7B1 | 1 TB | 5 | 1862 | 0 | 5.10 | | Seagate | ST2000NX0423 | 2 TB | 5 | 1853 | 0 | 5.08 | | WDC | WD10EACS-00C7B0 | 1 TB | 9 | 1844 | 0 | 5.05 | | HP | GB0500C4413 | 500 GB | 3 | 1829 | 0 | 5.01 | | WDC | WD5000KMVV-11TK7S1 | 500 GB | 2 | 1815 | 0 | 4.98 | | Hitachi | HUS724020ALA640 | 2 TB | 4 | 1797 | 0 | 4.92 | | Seagate | ST5000AS0011-1L... | 5 TB | 8 | 2013 | 127 | 4.92 | | HGST | HUH728080ALE604 | 8 TB | 33 | 2111 | 5 | 4.92 | | HGST | HUS726060ALE610 | 6 TB | 39 | 1916 | 5 | 4.91 | | WDC | WD80PUZX-64NEAY0 | 8 TB | 4 | 1788 | 0 | 4.90 | | WDC | WD2500BMVV-11DCLS

SMART

Install / Use

README

HDD/SSD Desktop-Class Reliability Test

Contents

About

HDD by Model