Haskell Dockerfile Linter

[![Build Status][github-actions-img]][github-actions] [![GPL-3 licensed][license-img]][license] [![GitHub release][release-img]][release] ![GitHub downloads][downloads-img] <img align="right" alt="pipecat" width="150" src="https://hadolint.github.io/hadolint/img/cat_container.png" />

A smarter Dockerfile linter that helps you build [best practice][] Docker images. The linter parses the Dockerfile into an AST and performs rules on top of the AST. It stands on the shoulders of [ShellCheck][] to lint the Bash code inside RUN instructions.

:globe_with_meridians: Check the online version on hadolint.github.io/hadolint

Table of Contents

• How to use
• Install
• CLI
• Configure
• Non-Posix Shells
• Ignoring Rules
  • Inline ignores
  • Global ignores
• Linting Labels
  • Note on dealing with variables in labels
• Integrations
• Rules
• Develop
  • Setup
  • REPL
  • Tests
  • AST
  • Building against custom libraries
• Alternatives

How to use

You can run hadolint locally to lint your Dockerfile.

hadolint <Dockerfile>
hadolint --ignore DL3003 --ignore DL3006 <Dockerfile> # exclude specific rules
hadolint --trusted-registry my-company.com:500 <Dockerfile> # Warn when using untrusted FROM images

Docker comes to the rescue, providing an easy way how to run hadolint on most platforms. Just pipe your Dockerfile to docker run:

docker run --rm -i hadolint/hadolint < Dockerfile
# OR
docker run --rm -i ghcr.io/hadolint/hadolint < Dockerfile

or using Podman:

podman run --rm -i docker.io/hadolint/hadolint < Dockerfile
# OR
podman run --rm -i ghcr.io/hadolint/hadolint < Dockerfile

or using Windows PowerShell:

cat .\Dockerfile | docker run --rm -i hadolint/hadolint

Install

You can download prebuilt binaries for OSX, Windows and Linux from the latest [release page][]. However, if this does not work for you, please fall back to container (Docker), brew or source installation.

On OSX, you can use brew to install hadolint.

brew install hadolint

On Windows, you can use scoop to install hadolint.

scoop install hadolint

On distributions that have nix installed, you can use the hadolint package to run ad-hoc shells or permanently install hadolint into your environment.

As mentioned earlier, hadolint is available as a container image:

docker pull hadolint/hadolint
# OR
docker pull ghcr.io/hadolint/hadolint

If you need a container with shell access, use the Debian or Alpine variants:

docker pull hadolint/hadolint:latest-debian
# OR
docker pull hadolint/hadolint:latest-alpine
# OR
docker pull ghcr.io/hadolint/hadolint:latest-debian
# OR
docker pull ghcr.io/hadolint/hadolint:latest-alpine

You can also build hadolint locally. You need [Haskell][] and the [cabal][] build tool to build the binary.

git clone https://github.com/hadolint/hadolint \
  && cd hadolint \
  && cabal configure \
  && cabal build \
  && cabal install

If you want the VS Code Hadolint extension to use Hadolint in a container, you can use the following wrapper script:

#!/bin/bash
dockerfile="$1"
shift
docker run --rm -i hadolint/hadolint hadolint "$@" - < "$dockerfile"

CLI

hadolint --help

hadolint - Dockerfile Linter written in Haskell

Usage: hadolint [-v|--version] [-c|--config FILENAME] [DOCKERFILE...]
                [--file-path-in-report FILEPATHINREPORT] [--no-fail]
                [--no-color] [-V|--verbose] [-f|--format ARG] [--error RULECODE]
                [--warning RULECODE] [--info RULECODE] [--style RULECODE]
                [--ignore RULECODE]
                [--trusted-registry REGISTRY (e.g. docker.io)]
                [--require-label LABELSCHEMA (e.g. maintainer:text)]
                [--strict-labels] [--disable-ignore-pragma]
                [-t|--failure-threshold THRESHOLD]
  Lint Dockerfile for errors and best practices

Available options:
  -h,--help                Show this help text
  -v,--version             Show version
  -c,--config FILENAME     Path to the configuration file
  --file-path-in-report FILEPATHINREPORT
                           The file path referenced in the generated report.
                           This only applies for the 'checkstyle', 'codeclimate',
                           'sonarqube' and 'gitlab_codeclimate' formats and is
                           useful when running Hadolint with Docker to set the
                           correct file path.
  --no-fail                Don't exit with a failure status code when any rule
                           is violated
  --no-color               Don't colorize output
  -V,--verbose             Enables verbose logging of hadolint's output to
                           stderr
  -f,--format ARG          The output format for the results [tty | json |
                           checkstyle | codeclimate | gitlab_codeclimate | gnu |
                           codacy | sonarqube | sarif] (default: tty)
  --error RULECODE         Make the rule `RULECODE` have the level `error`
  --warning RULECODE       Make the rule `RULECODE` have the level `warning`
  --info RULECODE          Make the rule `RULECODE` have the level `info`
  --style RULECODE         Make the rule `RULECODE` have the level `style`
  --ignore RULECODE        A rule to ignore. If present, the ignore list in the
                           config file is ignored
  --trusted-registry REGISTRY (e.g. docker.io)
                           A docker registry to allow to appear in FROM
                           instructions
  --require-label LABELSCHEMA (e.g. maintainer:text)
                           The option --require-label=label:format makes
                           Hadolint check that the label `label` conforms to
                           format requirement `format`
  --strict-labels          Do not permit labels other than specified in
                           `label-schema`
  --disable-ignore-pragma  Disable inline ignore pragmas `# hadolint
                           ignore=DLxxxx`
  -t,--failure-threshold THRESHOLD
                           Exit with failure code only when rules with a
                           severity equal to or above THRESHOLD are violated.
                           Accepted values: [error | warning | info | style |
                           ignore | none] (default: info)

Configure

Configuration files can be used globally or per project. Hadolint looks for configuration files in the following locations or their platform specific equivalents in this order and uses the first one exclusively:

• $PWD/.hadolint.yaml
• $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/hadolint.yaml
• $HOME/.config/hadolint.yaml
• $HOME/.hadolint/hadolint.yaml or $HOME/hadolint/config.yaml
• $HOME/.hadolint.yaml

In windows, the %LOCALAPPDATA% environment variable is used instead of XDG_CONFIG_HOME. Config files can have either yaml or yml extensions.

hadolint full yaml config file schema

failure-threshold: string               # name of threshold level (error | warning | info | style | ignore | none)
format: string                          # Output format (tty | json | checkstyle | codeclimate | gitlab_codeclimate | gnu | codacy)
ignored: [string]                       # list of rules
label-schema:                           # See Linting Labels below for specific label-schema details
  author: string                        # Your name
  contact: string                       # email address
  created: timestamp                    # rfc3339 datetime
  version: string                       # semver
  documentation: string                 # url
  git-revision: string                  # hash
  license: string                       # spdx
no-color: boolean                       # true | false
no-fail: boolean                        # true | false
override:
  error: [string]                       # list of rules
  warning: [string]                     # list of rules
  info: [string]                        # list of rules
  style: [string]                       # list of rules
strict-labels: boolean                  # true | false
disable-ignore-pragma: boolean          # true | false
trustedRegistries: string | [string]    # registry or list of registries

hadolint supports specifying the ignored rules using a configuration file. The configuration file should be in yaml format. This is one valid configuration file as an example:

ignored:
  - DL3000
  - SC1010

Additionally, hadolint can warn you when images from untrusted repositories are being used in Dockerfiles, you can append the trustedRegistries keys to the configuration file, as shown below:

ignored:
  - DL3000
  - SC1010

trustedRegistries:
  - docker.io
  - my-company.com:5000
  - "*.gcr.io"

If you want to override the severity of specific rules, you can do that too:

override:
  error:
    - DL3001
    - DL3002
  warning:
    - DL3042
    - DL3033
  info:
    - DL3032
  style:
    - DL3015

failure-threshold Exit with failure code only when rules with a severity above THRESHOLD are violated (Available in v2.6.0+)

failure-threshold: info
override:
  warning:
    - DL3042
    - DL3033
  info:
    - DL3032

Additi