dbtester

Distributed database benchmark tester: etcd, Zookeeper, Consul, zetcd, cetcd

It includes github.com/golang/freetype, which is based in part on the work of the FreeType Team.

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Performance Analysis

• Latest test results can be found at https://github.com/etcd-io/dbtester/tree/master/test-results
• Exploring Performance of etcd, Zookeeper and Consul Consistent Key-value Datastores (February 17, 2017)
  • https://coreos.com/blog/performance-of-etcd.html

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Project

• Database Agent
  • https://github.com/etcd-io/dbtester/tree/master/agent
• Database Client
  • https://github.com/etcd-io/dbtester/tree/master/control
• System Metrics
  • https://github.com/gyuho/linux-inspect
• Test Data Analysis
  • https://github.com/etcd-io/dbtester/tree/master/analyze
  • https://github.com/gyuho/dataframe
  • https://github.com/gonum/plot

For etcd, we recommend etcd benchmark tool.

All logs and results can be found at https://github.com/etcd-io/dbtester/tree/master/test-results or https://console.cloud.google.com/storage/browser/dbtester-results/?authuser=0&project=etcd-development.

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Noticeable Warnings: Zookeeper

Snapshot, when writing 1-million entries (256-byte key, 1KB value value), with 500 concurrent clients

# snapshot warnings
cd 2017Q1-00-etcd-zookeeper-consul/02-write-1M-keys-best-throughput
grep -r -i fsync-ing\ the zookeeper-r3.4.9-java8-* | less

2017-02-10 18:55:38,997 [myid:3] - WARN  [SyncThread:3:SyncRequestProcessor@148] - Too busy to snap, skipping
2017-02-10 18:55:38,998 [myid:3] - INFO  [SyncThread:3:FileTxnLog@203] - Creating new log file: log.1000c0c51
2017-02-10 18:55:40,855 [myid:3] - INFO  [SyncThread:3:FileTxnLog@203] - Creating new log file: log.1000cd2e6
2017-02-10 18:55:40,855 [myid:3] - INFO  [Snapshot Thread:FileTxnSnapLog@240] - Snapshotting: 0x1000cd1ca to /home/gyuho/zookeeper/zookeeper.data/version-2/snapshot.1000cd1ca
2017-02-10 18:55:46,382 [myid:3] - WARN  [SyncThread:3:FileTxnLog@338] - fsync-ing the write ahead log in SyncThread:3 took 1062ms which will adversely effect operation latency. See the ZooKeeper troubleshooting guide
2017-02-10 18:55:47,471 [myid:3] - WARN  [SyncThread:3:FileTxnLog@338] - fsync-ing the write ahead log in SyncThread:3 took 1084ms which will adversely effect operation latency. See the ZooKeeper troubleshooting guide
2017-02-10 18:55:49,425 [myid:3] - WARN  [SyncThread:3:FileTxnLog@338] - fsync-ing the write ahead log in SyncThread:3 took 1142ms which will adversely effect operation latency. See the ZooKeeper troubleshooting guide
2017-02-10 18:55:51,188 [myid:3] - WARN  [SyncThread:3:FileTxnLog@338] - fsync-ing the write ahead log in SyncThread:3 took 1201ms which will adversely effect operation latency. See the ZooKeeper troubleshooting guide
2017-02-10 18:55:52,292 [myid:3] - WARN  [SyncThread:3:FileTxnLog@338] - fsync-ing the write ahead log in SyncThread:3 took 1102ms which will adversely effect operation latency. See the ZooKeeper troubleshooting guide

When writing more than 2-million entries (256-byte key, 1KB value value) with 500 concurrent clients

# leader election
cd 2017Q1-00-etcd-zookeeper-consul/04-write-too-many-keys
grep -r -i election\ took  zookeeper-r3.4.9-java8-* | less

# leader election is taking more than 10 seconds...
zookeeper-r3.4.9-java8-2-database.log:2017-02-10 19:22:16,549 [myid:2] - INFO  [QuorumPeer[myid=2]/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Follower@61] - FOLLOWING - LEADER ELECTION TOOK - 22978
zookeeper-r3.4.9-java8-2-database.log:2017-02-10 19:23:02,279 [myid:2] - INFO  [QuorumPeer[myid=2]/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Leader@361] - LEADING - LEADER ELECTION TOOK - 10210
zookeeper-r3.4.9-java8-2-database.log:2017-02-10 19:23:14,498 [myid:2] - INFO  [QuorumPeer[myid=2]/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Leader@361] - LEADING - LEADER ELECTION TOOK - 203
zookeeper-r3.4.9-java8-2-database.log:2017-02-10 19:23:36,303 [myid:2] - INFO  [QuorumPeer[myid=2]/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Leader@361] - LEADING - LEADER ELECTION TOOK - 9791
zookeeper-r3.4.9-java8-2-database.log:2017-02-10 19:23:52,151 [myid:2] - INFO  [QuorumPeer[myid=2]/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Leader@361] - LEADING - LEADER ELECTION TOOK - 3836
zookeeper-r3.4.9-java8-2-database.log:2017-02-10 19:24:13,849 [myid:2] - INFO  [QuorumPeer[myid=2]/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Leader@361] - LEADING - LEADER ELECTION TOOK - 9686
zookeeper-r3.4.9-java8-2-database.log:2017-02-10 19:24:29,694 [myid:2] - INFO  [QuorumPeer[myid=2]/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Leader@361] - LEADING - LEADER ELECTION TOOK - 3573
zookeeper-r3.4.9-java8-2-database.log:2017-02-10 19:24:51,392 [myid:2] - INFO  [QuorumPeer[myid=2]/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Leader@361] - LEADING - LEADER ELECTION TOOK - 8686
zookeeper-r3.4.9-java8-2-database.log:2017-02-10 19:25:07,231 [myid:2] - INFO  [QuorumPeer[myid=2]/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Leader@361] - LEADING - LEADER ELECTION TOOK - 3827
zookeeper-r3.4.9-java8-2-database.log:2017-02-10 19:25:28,940 [myid:2] - INFO  [QuorumPeer[myid=2]/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Leader@361] - LEADING - LEADER ELECTION TOOK - 9697
zookeeper-r3.4.9-java8-2-database.log:2017-02-10 19:25:44,772 [myid:2] - INFO  [QuorumPeer[myid=2]/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Leader@361] - LEADING - LEADER ELECTION TOOK - 3820

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Noticeable Warnings: Consul

Snapshot, when writing 1-million entries (256-byte key, 1KB value value), with 500 concurrent clients

# snapshot warnings
cd 2017Q1-00-etcd-zookeeper-consul/02-write-1M-keys-best-throughput
grep -r -i installed\ remote consul-v0.7.4-go1.7.5-* | less

    2017/02/10 18:58:43 [INFO] snapshot: Creating new snapshot at /home/gyuho/consul.data/raft/snapshots/2-900345-1486753123478.tmp
    2017/02/10 18:58:45 [INFO] snapshot: reaping snapshot /home/gyuho/consul.data/raft/snapshots/2-849399-1486753096972
    2017/02/10 18:58:46 [INFO] raft: Copied 1223270573 bytes to local snapshot
    2017/02/10 18:58:55 [INFO] raft: Compacting logs from 868354 to 868801
    2017/02/10 18:58:56 [INFO] raft: Installed remote snapshot
    2017/02/10 18:58:57 [INFO] snapshot: Creating new snapshot at /home/gyuho/consul.data/raft/snapshots/2-911546-1486753137827.tmp
    2017/02/10 18:58:59 [INFO] consul.fsm: snapshot created in 32.255µs
    2017/02/10 18:59:01 [INFO] snapshot: reaping snapshot /home/gyuho/consul.data/raft/snapshots/2-873921-1486753116619
    2017/02/10 18:59:02 [INFO] raft: Copied 1238491373 bytes to local snapshot
    2017/02/10 18:59:11 [INFO] raft: Compacting logs from 868802 to 868801
    2017/02/10 18:59:11 [INFO] raft: Installed remote snapshot

Logs do not tell much but average latency spikes (e.g. from 70.27517 ms to 10407.900082 ms)

<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/dbtester-results/2017Q2-02-etcd-zookeeper-consul/2017Q2-01-write-1M-cpu-client-scaling.png" alt="2017Q2-01-write-1M-cpu-client-scaling"> <img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/dbtester-results/2017Q2-02-etcd-zookeeper-consul/2017Q2-02-write-1M-network-traffic-best-throughput.png" alt="2017Q2-02-write-1M-network-traffic-best-throughput"> <img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/dbtester-results/2017Q2-02-etcd-zookeeper-consul/2017Q2-01-write-1M-throughput-client-scaling.png" alt="2017Q2-01-write-1M-throughput-client-scaling"> <img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/dbtester-results/2017Q2-02-etcd-zookeeper-consul/2017Q2-02-write-1M-latency-best-throughput.png" alt="2017Q2-02-write-1M-latency-best-throughput">

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Write 1M keys, 256-byte key, 1KB value, Best Throughput (etcd 1K clients with 100 conns, Zookeeper 700, Consul 500 clients)

• Google Cloud Compute Engine
• 4 machines of 16 vCPUs + 60 GB Memory + 300 GB SSD (1 for client)
• Ubuntu 17.10 (GNU/Linux kernel 4.13.0-25-generic)
• ulimit -n is 120000
• etcd v3.3.0 (Go 1.9.2)
• Zookeeper r3.5.3-beta
  • Java 8
  • javac 1.8.0_151
  • Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_151-b12)
  • Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.151-b12, mixed mode)
  • /usr/bin/java -Djute.maxbuffer=33554432 -Xms50G -Xmx50G
• Consul v1.0.2 (Go 1.9.2)

+---------------------------------------+---------------------+-----------------------------+-----------------------+
|                                       | etcd-v3.3.0-go1.9.2 | zookeeper-r3.5.3-beta-java8 | consul-v1.0.2-go1.9.2 |
+---------------------------------------+---------------------+-----------------------------+-----------------------+
|                         TOTAL-SECONDS |         28.3623 sec |                 59.2167 sec |          178.9443 sec |
|                  TOTAL-REQUEST-NUMBER |           1,000,000 |                   1,000,000 |             1,000,000 |
|                        MAX-THROUGHPUT |      37,330 req/sec |              25,124 req/sec |        15,865 req/sec |
|                        AVG-THROUGHPUT |      35,258 req/sec |              16,842 req/sec |         5,588 req/sec |
|                        MIN-THROUGHPUT |      13,505 req/sec |                  20 req/sec |             0 req/sec |
|                       FASTEST-LATENCY |           4.6073 ms |                   2.9094 ms |            11.6604 ms |
|                           AVG-LATENCY |          28.2625 ms |                  30.9499 ms |            89.4351 ms |
|                       SLOWEST-LATENCY |         117.4918 ms |                4564.6788 ms |          4616.2947 ms |
|                           Latency p10 |        13.508626 ms |                 9.068163 ms |          30.408863 ms |
|                           Latency p25 |        16.869586 ms |                 9.351597 ms |          34.224021 ms |
|                           Latency p50 |        22.1674