A fully-fledged 486/Pentium-class PC in a tiny form factor
Integrated Sound Blaster Pro-compatible audio
Add a Raspberry Pi Zero 2 for Roland MT‑32 and General MIDI music
Open-source hardware schematics, board layout and BIOS - build your own!
Perfect for playing DOS games!

Note
YouTube walkthrough + setup coming soon!

Summary
Project Goals
What's New In Version 2?
Full system specs
Building
MT-32 / General MIDI
WiFi Connectivity
Wiki
Help
Roadmap
Contributing
License
Contact
Acknowledgements

Project Goals

The goal of the TinyLlama project is:

To create a fully x86-compatible DIY DOS computer with a sound card
To keep the size as small as possible while keeping decent connectivity
To keep the cost low

What's New In Version 2?

Last year I released [version 1 of the TinyLlama][tinyllama1].
While I was very happy with it and it worked great, there were a couple of things I felt were still missing + a few bugs.

The two main new features in version 2 are:

Built-in hardware USB HID (keyboard+mouse) to PS/2 emulation using [rasteri's HIDman firmware][hidman] running on a CH559 microcontroller
On-board Wemos D1 Mini ESP8266 for providing either a Hayes-compatible modem-over-WiFi or ethernet-over-WiFi (SLIP), depending on the firmware on the ESP.

Both the CH559 and the ESP8266 can be easily re-flashed/programmed in-place.
Look at Programming the CH559 and [Programming the ESP8266][wiki-wifi].

Full system specs (revision 2.1)

Hardware

86Duino System-on-module
- Vortex86EX CPU running at 60-500 MHz
- 16 KB L1 cache (can be disabled)
- 128 KB L2 cache
- 128 MB DDR3 RAM
- 8 MB programmable flash ROM
Vortex86VGA module running off a x1 PCI-e lane
- Maximum resolution: 1024x768, 60 Hz
- 4 MB SRAM
- [Alternative graphics cards][wiki-alternative-gpus]
Crystal CS4237B all-in-one audio chip
12mm PC-speaker
CR1220 battery for persistent real-time clock
Power and reset buttons
Connectivity
- USB-C for power
- 2 x USB Type-A connectors for HID-compliant keyboard and mice
- 2 x USB Type-A connectors for storage devices (USB 2.0)
- MicroSD slot for storage
- DE-9 RS232 serial port (COM1)
- Modem or Ethernet/SLIP over WiFi (COM2)
- Internal 2.54mm pin-header for connecting a fan (5V or 3.3V selectable)
- 3.5mm line-out audio jack
mt32-pi subsystem
- 40-pin connector for a Raspberry Pi Zero 2
- Pin headers for attaching a GY-PCM5102 I²S DAC module
- Button for toggling between MT32 / General MIDI mode
- Button for switching between audio ROMs / soundbanks
- 4-pin I²C connector for an OLED display

Software

[Custom Coreboot/SeaBIOS ROM][bios]
MS-DOS / FreeDOS

Building

Sourcing Parts

Full BOM (bill of materials) can be found [in the wiki][wiki-bom].

The TinyLlama PCB rev2.1
Modern SMD and through-hole components, as seen in the BOM
86Duino system-on-module (SOM-128-EX)
Vortex86VGA Mini PCI-e module
Crystal CS4237B 100-pin TQFP. Discontinued, but readily available
Wemos D1 Mini ESP8266, optional
A CR1220 battery if you want a persistent real-time clock
One or more USB flash drives + an optional microSD card
A USB-C power adapter (minimum 2A)

For MT-32/MIDI - optional

GY-PCM5102 DAC module
Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W with a microSD card
An [mt32-pi compatible OLED display][mt32-pi-oled], optional but nice

Assembly

Solder all components onto the TinyLlama rev2.1 PCB. As always, it's easier to start with the low-profile ones first, like resistors and capacitors. If you're willing to spend slightly more, I recommended you let the PCB manufacturer pre-assemble most of the common components for you. Plus, some of the SMD components can be a bit tricky to solder. Take a look at the [wiki][wiki-assembly] for more in-depth assembly instructions.

Programming the CH559

Download the latest firmware binary from this repo, in the hidman-binary folder. Alternatively, get the latest source code from the [official repo][hidman] and compile it yourself.
Download and install WCHISPTool_Setup.exe from [WCH's website][wch]. Unfortunately, this tool only supports Windows. If you're on macOS or Linux, maybe try using virtualization software, or even another computer.
Open the WCHISPTool_CH54x-55x application.
Make sure the TinyLlama is powered off.
Remove the jumper from the "HID_POWER" pin header on the PCB (to ensure that the computer doesn't backpower the TinyLlama).
Connect a USB cable (type A to type A) between one of the HID USB ports on the TinyLlama and the Windows computer.
Press and hold the "PRG" button on the bottom side of the TinyLlama until the CH559 device pops up in the WCHISPTool.
Select the firmware binary file under Download File -> Object File1.
Click the "Download" button. Hopefully you'll get a success message in the log section on the right side of the program window.
Disconnect the USB cable.
Add the jumper to the "HID_POWER" pin header on the PCB.
Connect a keyboard to one of the HID USB ports. You should be good to go!

Programming the BIOS

When purchasing the SOM-128-EX module from DMP, its ROM chip comes preinstalled with an Arduino-like bootloader which isn't what we want. Also, the "crossbar" is configured for using the module with the 86Duino Zero/One boards - meaning its default pin layout is completely different from what we need for the TinyLlama.

Follow these steps to flash the ROM with the TinyLlama BIOS for the first time:

Find a USB flash drive, must be minimum 32 MB in size (shouldn't be a problem these days). Note that not all USB drives are bootable. Use a well-known bootable drive. NB: You have to use a USB stick for this, an SD card won't work since the crossbar is configured to use different pins on the SOM for SD traffic.
Do a block-level transfer of the INITBIOS.IMG from this repo to the USB drive. Use [Balena Etcher][balena-etcher], or the command line if you know what you're doing (macOS example):

$ diskutil list
(Find your USB drive, eg. /dev/disk2)
$ diskutil unmountDisk /dev/disk2
$ sudo dd if=INITBIOS.IMG of=/dev/rdisk2 bs=1m

Insert the USB flash drive into the TinyLlama and turn it on. It'll hopefully boot into MS-DOS. Then, to flash the ROM:

C:\>anybios w initbios.rom

...and reboot.

For subsequent BIOS updates, you can use the ROM's built-in virtual floppy drive available from the boot menu (press F12).
When booted from this you'll only need a regular USB stick (formatted as FAT16/FAT32) containing the new BIOS file.

Installing MS-DOS

A note on selecting the DOS type:
I've gone with MS-DOS 6.22 for maximum compatibility.
If you prefer FreeDOS (or another DOS variant), prepare a bootable USB installer disk and use that instead of the built-in virtual floppy.

Pick a bootable USB drive or Micro SD card to use as the boot drive - for MS-DOS 6.22 you'll be limited to FAT16 and 2 GB per partition (though you can have several). For FreeDOS with FAT32 you can go all the way up to 2 TB.
Insert it, turn on the system, press F12 to bring up the boot menu, and select the virtual floppy drive.
Use fdisk from the command prompt to partition the SD/USB drive and set it to be Active.
Restart and again select to boot from the virtual floppy.
Use format c: /s /u to format the drive and copy over system files. Finally use fdisk /mbr to make sure the Master Boot Record is correct and the drive should be bootable.
Copy over the DOS folder from A: to C:.
You can either do this manually and create CONFIG.SYS and AUTOEXEC.BAT files to your liking, or more conveniently, just run the SETUP.BAT script that'll do this for you. The provided config files lets you choose from a clean boot or a QEMM-based one with XMS, EMS and 631 kB of free conventional memory.

Programming the CS4237B Firmware

Copy the CS4237B and UNISOUND folders from this GitHub repo over to your SD/USB boot drive and start the system.
To program the firmware, run the RESOURCE.EXE command below and check that you get the same output:

C:\>cd cs4237b
C:\CS4237B>resource /f=0x120 /r=cs4237b.asm /e

Reading data from CS4237B.ASM
Length = 292    Programming EEPROM Block: 1 2    EEPROM programmed

Verifying EEPROM:
Verifying CS4237B.ASM against EEPROM . . .      Verified OKAY

Make sure the correct BLASTER environment variable is set and UNISOUND.COM command is called from AUTOEXEC.BAT. Note that the 8-bit DMA channel is 1 and the IRQ is 7:

SET BLASTER=A220 I7 D1 P330 T4
C:\UNISOUND\UNISOUND.EXE /V60 /VW60 /VF60 /VL60 /VP60 /VC0 /VM0

Reboot the system, and you should get the following output:

Tinyllama2

Install / Use

README

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