Linux

Table of Contents

• Introduction
• Endianness
• ELF
• KVM and QEMU
• Shell Identification and Change
• Disks and Partitions
  • Mounting, Partitioning and Formatting
• BIOS and UEFI
• AMD
  • AMD History
• Systemctl
• PCIe
• SoC
• Gathering System Information
• CPU Speed and CPU Clock
• NUMA
• RAID
• DMI
• Memory
  • Memory Layout and Compilers
  • Memory Bandwidth
  • DIMM
  • Memory Interleaving
• File descriptors
• Niceness
• Context Switch
• Protection Rings and Minix
• Compatibility Software
• Northbridge and Southbridge
• Interrupts and Exceptions
• ISA
• X Server
• Desktop Environments
• Locality of Reference
• Processing Hardware
• Miscellaneous

Introduction

• The Missing Semester of Your CS Education
• Putting the "You" in CPU
• Modern Operating Systems by Andrew Tanenbaum (4th Edition)
• Shell and Shell scripting
• Read the Source Code of Shell Commands
• What is POSIX? Why Does it Matter to Linux/UNIX Users?
• C programming
• Networking
• The boot process (booting, OS installation, GRUB, UEFI, etc.)
• Linux source code cross reference
• Latency numbers every programmer should know
• Assembly

Endianness

• Bit and Byte Ordering (Endianness)

ELF

• ELF = Extensible and Linkable Format
• In-depth: ELF - The Extensible & Linkable Format

KVM and QEMU

• A Practical Guide to Using KVM/QEMU

Shell Identification and Change

• Arrow keys, Home, End, tab-complete keys not working in shell
• How do I check which shell I am using?

  • $0 is the name of the running process. If you use it inside of a shell then it will return the name of the shell. If you use it inside of a script, it will be the name of the script.

Disks and Partitions

• What Is /dev/sda in Linux?
• How Is /dev/vda Different From /dev/sda?
• Understanding partition table with sda1, sda2, sda5
• Difference between sdX and vdX
• What is the difference between /dev/sda and /dev/hda?
• Names for ATA and SATA disks in Linux
• How to list disks, partitions and filesystems in Linux?
• Understanding File Systems and Partition Schemes: FAT, exFAT, NTFS, MBR, and GPT Explained

Mounting, Partitioning and Formatting

• Mounting a device — role of /dev, /media and /mnt, and the mount command
• Correct way to mount a hard drive
• Mount Drives in Ubuntu Command Line
• Deleting All Partitions From the Command Line
• How to Format Disk Partitions in Linux
• Quickest way to wipe an SSD clean of all its partitions for repartitioning in Linux?

BIOS and UEFI

• Talking about what's in a Server Bios with AMD

AMD

• AMD = Advanced Micro Devices
• Secrets of a $182 Billion Chip Maker: AMD's Labs
• AMD's CPU Analysis Lab Full Interview (Lasers, Scopes, & Silicon)
• AMD's EPYC Rome Chips Crash After 1,044 Days of Uptime
• AMD CCD and CCX in Ryzen Processors Explained
• How AMD Zen Almost Didn't Make It
  • David Kaplan: When hardware must "just work"

AMD History

• AMD: How It All Began
• Intel & AMD: The First 30 Years
• AMD: The Incredible Adventure Continues
• How AMD Left GlobalFoundries for TSMC

Systemctl

• Systemctl vs Systemd
• What is Systemctl? An In-Depth Overview

PCIe

• PCIe = Peripheral Component Interconnect Express
• Used to connect hardware devices like graphics cards, NICs, sound cards, capture cards, etc to the motherboard.
• PCI Express (PCIe) 3.0
• Explaining PCIe Slots
• Understanding M.2, SATA, PCIe and NVMe SSDs
• SATA vs SAS vs PCIe

SoC

• SoC = System on Chip
• What is a System on Chip (SoC)?
• What is the difference between a motherboard and an SOC?
  • Motherboards Explained

Gathering System Information

• cli.harshkapadia.me/terminal#gathering-system-information

CPU Speed and CPU Clock

• What is Processor Speed and Why Does It Matter?
• What Is Clock Speed?
• Intructions vs cycles per second - what is actually measured in Hertz?
• Difference between clock cycle, machine cycle and instruction cycle of the CPU
• What is a clock cycle and clock speed?
• Why do we need a CPU clock
• Inside a CPU, what happens in a single clock cycle?

NUMA

• NUMA = Non-Uniform Memory Access
• What is NUMA?
• NUMA (Wikipedia)

RAID

• RAID = Redundant Array of Independent Disks
• What is RAID Storage? Meaning, Types, and Working
• Should I use Raid 6 or Raid Z2? What are the advantages/disadvantages of each?
• RAIDZ Levels
• ZFS 101—Understanding ZFS storage and performance
• ZFS RAIDZ vs. traditional RAID
• Linux RAID vs ZFS RAID
• [Configuring ZFS on Ubuntu 20.04](ht