204 skills found · Page 5 of 7
CactusData / VBA.CVRAPIA complete collection of 32/64-bit VBA modules and functions to call the CVR API using JavaScript
stefanuros / DartTwitterAPIA dart class to make accessing the Twitter API from dart and flutter a bit easier.
rodneylab / Sveltekit Graphql GithubUse Apollo Client with SvelteKit to Query a GraphQL API: we use the GitHub API to query our repos and learn a bit of SvelteKit along the way.
MarketingThibs / Shorten Sfmc Links Ampscript SmsHow to shorten personalised links with AMPscript for SMS sending
dustin10 / VichBitlyBundleA Symfony2 bundle for interacting with the bit.ly url shortening REST API.
rukbat / RukbatBitlyBundleSymfony2 bundle for the Bitly API (http://dev.bitly.com/api.html) API.
dleavitt / Kohana BitlySimple Kohana3 module for bit.ly shortening API
zinyando / Hotel BookingLaravel API Application for a hotel booking system following this tutorial http://bit.ly/1XH5R9w
dennisreimann / Bitly Iphonebit.ly API example for the iPhone
troygoode / Node TsaGuard your REST API with a bit of fascism.
kevincennis / CrusherA little JavaScript bit crusher using the Web Audio API.
farhapartex / MickeyMickey is a Django package to create a blog site quickly and easily. Mickey provide severals public REST APIs which can be integrated with frontend which are for such as Category List, Tag List, Post List etc. Mickey also provide a little bit customized Django admin from where user can easily create groups, site information, category, sub category, blog posts and media images.
cstate / Html Embed✔ SUPER SMALL bits of code that check if a cState-powered status page (using its read-only API) has active issues; if they do, an alert can be shown, or you can write a custom callback. Or, it is possible to simply embed a dot indicator in a place like your footer.
whmnoe4j / Work12早期的计算机使用7位的ASCII编码，为了处理汉字，程序员设计了用于简体中文的GB2312和用于繁体中文的big5。 GB2312(1980年)一共收录了7445个字符，包括6763个汉字和682个其它符号。汉字区的内码范围高字节从B0-F7，低字节从A1-FE，占用的码位是72*94=6768。其中有5个空位是D7FA-D7FE。 GB2312支持的汉字太少。1995年的汉字扩展规范GBK1.0收录了21886个符号，它分为汉字区和图形符号区。汉字区包括21003个字符。2000年的GB18030是取代GBK1.0的正式国家标准。该标准收录了27484个汉字，同时还收录了藏文、蒙文、维吾尔文等主要的少数民族文字。现在的PC平台必须支持GB18030，对嵌入式产品暂不作要求。所以手机、MP3一般只支持GB2312。 从ASCII、GB2312、GBK到GB18030，这些编码方法是向下兼容的，即同一个字符在这些方案中总是有相同的编码，后面的标准支持更多的字符。在这些编码中，英文和中文可以统一地处理。区分中文编码的方法是高字节的最高位不为0。按照程序员的称呼，GB2312、GBK到GB18030都属于双字节字符集 (DBCS)。 有的中文Windows的缺省内码还是GBK，可以通过GB18030升级包升级到GB18030。不过GB18030相对GBK增加的字符，普通人是很难用到的，通常我们还是用GBK指代中文Windows内码。 这里还有一些细节： GB2312的原文还是区位码，从区位码到内码，需要在高字节和低字节上分别加上A0。 在DBCS中，GB内码的存储格式始终是big endian，即高位在前。 GB2312的两个字节的最高位都是1。但符合这个条件的码位128*128=16384个。所以GBK和GB18030的低字节最高位都可能不是1。不过这不影响DBCS字符流的解析：在读取DBCS字符流时，只要遇到高位为1的字节，就可以将下两个字节作为一个双字节编码，而不用管低字节的高位是什么。 前面提到从ASCII、GB2312、GBK到GB18030的编码方法是向下兼容的。而Unicode只与ASCII兼容（更准确地说，是与ISO-8859-1兼容），与GB码不兼容。例如“汉”字的Unicode编码是6C49，而GB码是BABA。 Unicode也是一种字符编码方法，不过它是由国际组织设计，可以容纳全世界所有语言文字的编码方案。Unicode的学名是"Universal Multiple-Octet Coded Character Set"，简称为UCS。UCS可以看作是"Unicode Character Set"的缩写。 根据维基百科全书(http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/)的记载：历史上存在两个试图独立设计Unicode的组织，即国际标准化组织（ISO）和一个软件制造商的协会（unicode.org）。ISO开发了ISO 10646项目，Unicode协会开发了Unicode项目。 在1991年前后，双方都认识到世界不需要两个不兼容的字符集。于是它们开始合并双方的工作成果，并为创立一个单一编码表而协同工作。从Unicode2.0开始，Unicode项目采用了与ISO 10646-1相同的字库和字码。 目前两个项目仍都存在，并独立地公布各自的标准。Unicode协会现在的最新版本是2005年的Unicode 4.1.0。ISO的最新标准是10646-3:2003。 UCS规定了怎么用多个字节表示各种文字。怎样传输这些编码，是由UTF(UCS Transformation Format)规范规定的，常见的UTF规范包括UTF-8、UTF-7、UTF-16。 IETF的RFC2781和RFC3629以RFC的一贯风格，清晰、明快又不失严谨地描述了UTF-16和UTF-8的编码方法。我总是记不得IETF是Internet Engineering Task Force的缩写。但IETF负责维护的RFC是Internet上一切规范的基础。 3、UCS-2、UCS-4、BMP UCS有两种格式：UCS-2和UCS-4。顾名思义，UCS-2就是用两个字节编码，UCS-4就是用4个字节（实际上只用了31位，最高位必须为0）编码。下面让我们做一些简单的数学游戏： UCS-2有2^16=65536个码位，UCS-4有2^31=2147483648个码位。 UCS-4根据最高位为0的最高字节分成2^7=128个group。每个group再根据次高字节分为256个plane。每个plane根据第3个字节分为256行 (rows)，每行包含256个cells。当然同一行的cells只是最后一个字节不同，其余都相同。 group 0的plane 0被称作Basic Multilingual Plane, 即BMP。或者说UCS-4中，高两个字节为0的码位被称作BMP。 将UCS-4的BMP去掉前面的两个零字节就得到了UCS-2。在UCS-2的两个字节前加上两个零字节，就得到了UCS-4的BMP。而目前的UCS-4规范中还没有任何字符被分配在BMP之外。 4、UTF编码 UTF-8就是以8位为单元对UCS进行编码。从UCS-2到UTF-8的编码方式如下： UCS-2编码(16进制) UTF-8 字节流(二进制) 0000 - 007F 0xxxxxxx 0080 - 07FF 110xxxxx 10xxxxxx 0800 - FFFF 1110xxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 例如“汉”字的Unicode编码是6C49。6C49在0800-FFFF之间，所以肯定要用3字节模板了：1110xxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx。将6C49写成二进制是：0110 110001 001001， 用这个比特流依次代替模板中的x，得到：11100110 10110001 10001001，即E6 B1 89。 读者可以用记事本测试一下我们的编码是否正确。 UTF-16以16位为单元对UCS进行编码。对于小于0x10000的UCS码，UTF-16编码就等于UCS码对应的16位无符号整数。对于不小于0x10000的UCS码，定义了一个算法。不过由于实际使用的UCS2，或者UCS4的BMP必然小于0x10000，所以就目前而言，可以认为UTF-16和UCS-2基本相同。但UCS-2只是一个编码方案，UTF-16却要用于实际的传输，所以就不得不考虑字节序的问题。 5、UTF的字节序和BOM UTF-8以字节为编码单元，没有字节序的问题。UTF-16以两个字节为编码单元，在解释一个UTF-16文本前，首先要弄清楚每个编码单元的字节序。例如收到一个“奎”的Unicode编码是594E，“乙”的Unicode编码是4E59。如果我们收到UTF-16字节流“594E”，那么这是“奎”还是“乙”？ Unicode规范中推荐的标记字节顺序的方法是BOM。BOM不是“Bill Of Material”的BOM表，而是Byte Order Mark。BOM是一个有点小聪明的想法： 在UCS编码中有一个叫做"ZERO WIDTH NO-BREAK SPACE"的字符，它的编码是FEFF。而FFFE在UCS中是不存在的字符，所以不应该出现在实际传输中。UCS规范建议我们在传输字节流前，先传输字符"ZERO WIDTH NO-BREAK SPACE"。 这样如果接收者收到FEFF，就表明这个字节流是Big-Endian的；如果收到FFFE，就表明这个字节流是Little-Endian的。因此字符"ZERO WIDTH NO-BREAK SPACE"又被称作BOM。 UTF-8不需要BOM来表明字节顺序，但可以用BOM来表明编码方式。字符"ZERO WIDTH NO-BREAK SPACE"的UTF-8编码是EF BB BF（读者可以用我们前面介绍的编码方法验证一下）。所以如果接收者收到以EF BB BF开头的字节流，就知道这是UTF-8编码了。 Windows就是使用BOM来标记文本文件的编码方式的。 6、进一步的参考资料 本文主要参考的资料是 "Short overview of ISO-IEC 10646 and Unicode" (http://www.nada.kth.se/i18n/ucs/unicode-iso10646-oview.html)。 我还找了两篇看上去不错的资料，不过因为我开始的疑问都找到了答案，所以就没有看： "Understanding Unicode A general introduction to the Unicode Standard" (http://scripts.sil.org/cms/scripts/page.php?site_id=nrsi&item_id=IWS-Chapter04a) "Character set encoding basics Understanding character set encodings and legacy encodings" (http://scripts.sil.org/cms/scripts/page.php?site_id=nrsi&item_id=IWS-Chapter03) 我写过UTF-8、UCS-2、GBK相互转换的软件包，包括使用Windows API和不使用Windows API的版本。以后有时间的话，我会整理一下放到我的个人主页上(http://fmddlmyy.home4u.china.com/)。 Unicode,GBK,GB2312,UTF-8概念基础 本部分采用重用，转载一篇文章来完成这部分的目标。 来源：holen'blog 对字符编码与Unicode,ISO 10646,UCS,UTF8,UTF16,GBK,GB2312的理解 地址：http://blog.donews.com/holen/archive/2004/11/30/188182.aspx Unicode: unicode.org制定的编码机制, 要将全世界常用文字都函括进去. 在1.0中是16位编码, 由U+0000到U+FFFF. 每个2byte码对应一个字符; 在2.0开始抛弃了16位限制, 原来的16位作为基本位平面, 另外增加了16个位平面, 相当于20位编码, 编码范围0到0x10FFFF. 各个编码集的区别和适用范围 目前计算机中用得最广泛的字符集及其编码，是由美国国家标准局(ANSI)制定的ASCII码（American Standard Code for Information Interchange，美国标准信息交换码），它已被国际标准化组织（ISO）定为国际标准，称为ISO 646标准。适用于所有拉丁文字字母，ASCII码有7位码和8位码两种形式。 我们知道，在计算机内部，所有的信息最终都表示为一个二进制的字符串。每一个二进制位（bit）有0和1两种状态，因此八个二进制位就可以组合出256种状态，这被称为一个字节（byte）。也就是说，一个字节一共可以用来表示256种不同的状态，每一个状态对应一个符号，就是256个符号，从0000000到11111111。 英语用128个符号编码就够了，但是用来表示其他语言，128个符号是不够的。比如，在法语中，字母上方有注音符号，它就无法用ASCII码表示。于是，一些欧洲国家就决定，利用字节中闲置的最高位编入新的符号。比如，法语中的é的编码为130（二进制10000010）。这样一来，这些欧洲国家使用的编码体系，可以表示最多256个符号。 但是，这里又出现了新的问题。不同的国家有不同的字母，因此，哪怕它们都使用256个符号的编码方式，代表的字母却不一样。比如，130在法语编码中代表了é，在希伯来语编码中却代表了字母Gimel (ג)，在俄语编码中又会代表另一个符号。但是不管怎样，所有这些编码方式中，0—127表示的符号是一样的，不一样的只是128—255的这一段,所以出现后面的统一编码方式。 注:若想得到更详细的参见http://ascii.911cha.com/ 2、各地的方言 在中国，大陆最常用的就是GBK18030编码，除此之外还有GBK，GB2312，这几个编码的关系是这样的。 字符必须编码后才能被计算机处理。计算机使用的缺省编码方式就是计算机的内码。早期的计算机使用7位的ASCII编码，但为了处理汉字，又设计出用于简体中文的GB2312和用于繁体中文的big5。 GB2312(1980年)一共收录了7445个字符，包括6763个汉字和682个其它符号。汉字区的内码范围高字节从B0-F7，低字节从A1-FE，占用的码位是72*94=6768。其中有5个空位是D7FA-D7FE。 GB2312支持的汉字太少。1995年的汉字扩展规范GBK1.0收录了21886个符号，它分为汉字区和图形符号区。汉字区包括21003个字符。 从ASCII、GB2312到GBK，这些编码方法是向下兼容的，即同一个字符在这些方案中总是有相同的编码，后面的标准支持更多的字符。在这些编码中，英文和中文可以统一地处理。区分中文编码的方法是高字节的最高位不为0。按照程序员的称呼，GB2312、GBK都属于双字节字符集 (DBCS)。 2000年的GB18030是取代GBK1.0的正式国家标准。该标准收录了27484个汉字，同时还收录了藏文、蒙文、维吾尔文等主要的少数民族文字。从汉字字汇上说，GB18030在GB13000.1的20902个汉字的基础上增加了CJK扩展A的6582个汉字（Unicode码0x3400-0x4db5），一共收录了27484个汉字。 CJK就是中日韩的意思。Unicode为了节省码位，将中日韩三国语言中的文字统一编码。GB13000.1就是ISO/IEC 10646-1的中文版，相当于Unicode 1.1。 GB18030的编码采用单字节、双字节和4字节方案。其中单字节、双字节和GBK是完全兼容的。4字节编码的码位就是收录了CJK扩展A的6582个汉字。例如：UCS的0x3400在GB18030中的编码应该是8139EF30，UCS的0x3401在GB18030中的编码应该是8139EF31。 微软提供了GB18030的升级包，但这个升级包只是提供了一套支持CJK扩展A的6582个汉字的新字体：新宋体-18030，并不改变内码。Windows 的内码仍然是GBK。 也就是说Big5支持繁体中文，GB2312支持简体中文，Big5,GB2312是GBK的子集，GBK是GB18030的子集 日本：SJIS编码 注: 汉字编码简明对照表http://www.knowsky.com/resource/gb2312tbm.htm 3、GB2312 GB2312标准共收录6763个汉字，其中一级汉字3755个，二级汉字3008个；同时，GB2312收录了包括拉丁字母、希腊字母、日文平假名及片假名字母、俄罗斯语西里尔字母在内的682个全形字符。 GB2312的出现，基本满足了汉字的计算机处理需要，它所收录的汉字已经覆盖99.75%的使用频率。GB2312中对所收汉字进行了“分区”处理，每区含有94个汉字/符号。这种表示方式也称为区位码。 01-09区为特殊符号。 16-55区为一级汉字，按拼音排序。 56-87区为二级汉字，按部首/笔画排序。 10-15区及88-94区则未有编码。 举例来说，“啊”字是GB2312之中的第一个汉字，它的区位码就是1601。字节结构在使用GB2312的程序中，通常采用EUC储存方法，以便兼容于ASCII。每个汉字及符号以两个字节来表示。第一个字节称为“高位字节”，第二个字节称为“低位字节”。 “高位字节”使用了0xA1-0xF7(把01-87区的区号加上0xA0)，“低位字节”使用了0xA1-0xFE(把01-94加上0xA0)。例如“啊”字在大多数程序中，会以0xB0A1储存。（与区位码对比：0xB0=0xA0+16,0xA1=0xA0+1）。 所以GB2312编码中汉字区码的十进制是从176到247，位码是从161到255.之所以存储了6763小于82*94=6768，是因为在区码为215，位码为250-254之间共五个编码没有汉字编码，所以6768-5=6763个。 4、Unicode 如果把各种文字编码形容为各地的方言，那么Unicode就是世界各国合作开发的一种语言。 在这种语言环境下，不会再有语言的编码冲突，在同屏下，可以显示任何语言的内容，这就是Unicode的最大好处。 那么Unicode是如何编码的呢？其实非常简单。 就是将世界上所有的文字用２个字节统一进行编码。可能你会问，２个字节最多能够表示65536个编码，够用吗？ Unicode的学名是"Universal Multiple-Octet Coded Character Set"，简称为UCS。现在用的是UCS-2，即２个字节编码. 以现在的发展肯定是不够用得,如《康熙字典》收录了四万七千零三十五字，《汉语大字典》收录了五万六千多个。到目前为止，国际标准组织（ISO）制定国际标准时，共收集到汉字七万多字,所以出现UCS-4, 即4个字节编码，由原先的65536个编码扩展至将近100万编码。 注: 中日韩汉字Unicode编码表:http://www.chi2ko.com/tool/CJK.htm 查询需要Unicode编码的字符: http://www.unicode.org/charts/unihan.html http://www.nengcha.com/code/unicode/ 5、Unicode Big Endian和Little Endian 上面提到了一个字符可能占用多个字节，那么这多个字节在计算机中如何存储呢？比如字符0xabcd，它的存储格式到底是 AB CD，还是 CD AB 呢？ 实际上两者都有可能，并分别有不同的名字。如果存储为 AB CD，则称为Big Endian；如果存储为 CD AB，则称为Little Endian。 具体来说，以下这种存储格式为Big Endian，因为值(0xabcd)的高位(0xab)存储在前面： 地址 值 0x00000000 AB 0x00000001 CD 相反，以下这种存储格式为Little Endian： 地址 值 0x00000000 CD 0x00000001 AB 6、兼容codepage 那么既然统一了编码，如何兼容原先各国的文字编码呢？这个时候就需要codepage了。 什么是codepage？codepage就是各国的文字编码和Unicode之间的映射表。比如简体中文和Unicode的映射表就是CP936，点这里查看官方的映射表。 以下是几个常用的codepage，相应的修改上面的地址的数字即可。 codepage=936 简体中文GBK codepage=950 繁体中文BIG5 codepage=437 美国/加拿大英语 codepage=932 日文 codepage=949 韩文 codepage=866 俄文 codepage=65001 unicode UFT-8 从936中随意取一行，例如：0x9993 0x6ABD #CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH.前面的编码是GBK的编码，后面的是Unicode。通过查这张表，就能简单的实现GBK和Unicode之间的转换 7、UTF-8 现在明白了Unicode，那么UTF-8又是什么呢？又为什么会出现UTF-8呢？ Unicode的最初目标，是用1个16位的编码来为超过65000字符提供映射。但这还不够，它不能覆盖全部历史上的文字，也不能解决传输的问题，尤其在那些基于网络的应用中。 因此，Unicode用一些基本的保留字符制定了三套编码方式。它们分别是UTF-8,UTF-16和UTF-32。正如名字所示，在UTF－8中，字符是以8位序列来编码的，用一个或几个字节来表示一个字符。这种方式的最大好处，是UTF－8保留了ASCII字符的编码做为它的一部分，例如，在UTF－8和ASCII中，“A”的编码都是0x41. 例:11100100 10111101 10100000à0xE4BDA0 “你”字的UTF-8编码 01001111 01100000 à0x4F60 “你”的Unicode编码 按照UTF-8的编码规则，11100100 10111101 10100000分解如下：xxxx0100 xx111101 xx100000,把除了x之外的数字拼接在一起，01001111 01100000就变成“你”的Unicode编码了.注意UTF-8的最前面３个1，表示整个UTF-8串是由３个字节构成的经过UTF-8编码之后，再也不会出现敏感字符了，因为最高位始终为1。 Unicode和UTF-8之间的转换关系表: 0000 0000-0000 007F | 0xxxxxxx 0000 0000-0080 07FF | 110xxxxx 10xxxxxx 0000 0800-0000 FFFF | 1110xxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 0001 0000-0010 FFFF | 11110xxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx Unicode编码转换到UTF-8,简单的把Unicode字节流套到x中就变成UTF-8了。
xandkar / Qrbg ErlangErlang API to the Quantum Random Bit Generator service at http://random.irb.hr/
Mizogg / Bitcoin CASH Bchr2.pyRandom Scan for Bitcoin CASH Addresses and Balance Using BIT Library and API Made in Python Automatically generate private key and address to check Balance. Requires internet Connection.
TheESTest / BaseCam ESP32 ControllerThis project uses the BaseCam Serial API with an ESP32-S3 dev board to read and send signals from an ESP32 to a BaseCam SimpleBGC 32-bit Extended Long controller.
hamzasgd / BitNetOpenAI-compatible REST API server for Microsoft's BitNet 1-bit LLMs with conversation management and streaming support
sn0112358 / Angular Directive ProjectAngular-Directive-Project Directives range from very basic to extremely complex. This project will build up to some somewhat difficult directives. Keep in mind that the format we're learning for directives is the same format used to build some extremely complex things in angular. Using directives often and well is one way to show you're a talented developer. Starting Out We've included only a few things for you to begin with. index.html, app.js, styles.css. At this point the best way to get more comfortable with angular is to initialize an app without relying heavily on boilerplate code (reusable code that starts out your projects for you). You'll notice that in the index.html we've included the angular-route CDN. Yes, we'll be using angular's router here. Put an ng-view into your index.html. In your app.js set up a config and set up our first route for when a user is at the '/home' url. If you're having trouble remembering how to set up the router go look at how you set up the router on the previous project. One way these projects will be beneficial to you is allowing you to look back at something *you** did and seeing how you got that something to work.* You may also want add an otherwise that defaults to /home. Create a controller and a template file for this route in your app folder. Don't forget to include the controller as a script in your index.html Check that everything is hooked up correctly. Try adding a div with some text in your home template just to make sure it's showing up. Once you've got that going you're ready to start on some directives. Now let's make our directive. We'll start with a simple one that we can use to display information passed to it. Step 1. Start your directive Woot. When you're initializing your directive just remember that it works very similarly to how you start up a controller or a service. It can also be very helpful to think of your directive as a route. Create your directive. You'll use the directive method on your angular module. It takes two arguments, the name string and the callback function, which will return the object that represents your directive. When naming your directive give it a name with two words; dirDisplay would be nice, but anything works. Just remember it's best practice to give a directive a camel case name so that it's clear in your html what it is. Also we're going to need a template html for our directive. We could do it inline, but let's make another file instead. Just name it something that makes sense for the name of your directive and put it in the same directory as your directive file. For your template just make a <div> and inside a <h1> tag that says User. Now in your home route html add in your directive. It will look like this if you named it dirDisplay: <dir-display></dir-display> Start up your app and go to the home route. Check and make sure you see User where your directive was placed. If you're not seeing it at this point it could mean a few things. Here's some more common issues. You didn't link your directive in your index as a script. Your name for your directive doesn't match the name in your html. Remember camel case becomes snake case so myDirective becomes <my-directive></my-directive>. You're file path to your html template is wrong. You have to think of file paths in angular as relative to the index. Here's some code to see just for this part, and just for the directive's js file. var app = angular.module('directivePractice'); app.directive('dirDisplay', function(){ return { templateUrl: 'app/directives/dirDisplay.html' }; }); What we're returning is the directive object. You won't see anymore code in this tutorial so it's important you get things working right and refer back to what you've already done to advance from now on. Step 2. Advancing directives Your directive should be loaded up now, but it's not really doing much. Let's make it better. In your home controller. Make a variable on your $scope called user. Set it's value to { name: "Geoff McMammy", age: 43, email: "geofdude@gmail.com" } Now inside your directive's html specifically inside the <h3> tags display our new user's name. Then inside maybe some <h4> tags display his email and age. This is going to work exactly the same as if it was just inside your home controller. Reload the page and make sure it works. This is still very cosmetic and really not all that useful. It needs functionality. Add into your directive's object the link property. The link property's value is a function definition that takes (generally) three parameters. scope, element, and attributes. Unlike in other places with angular injection these parameter names don't carry meaning. The first parameter will always represent your $scope for that directive, the second will always be the element that wraps your whole directive, and the third will always be an object containing all the properties and values of the attributes on your directive in the dom. Try the following to get a feel for all three. Add two attributes to your directive in your html. Like this - <dir-display test="myTest" my-check="checkItOut"></dir-display> Now in the link property you've added console.log the three parameters in the function. You'll see an object for scope that should look identical to the $scope of your html function. For element you'll see an object the represents the DOM wrapper for your directive. For attributes you'll see an object that will look like this: { test: "myTest", myCheck: "checkItOut" } An important thing to notice is how it has again converted snake case to camel case for you. my-check became myCheck. Don't forget this. You'll run into this issue one day. It counts for both attributes and directive names. To feel some of what the link function could do let's try this. Add a ng-show to both the email and age wrappers. This should be familiar to you. Now inside your link function add a click event listener to your element property. It's going to look just like jQuery. element.on('click', function(){ }) Inside the click listener's callback add a toggle for the ng-show property you passed in. Along with a console.log to make sure things are connecting when you click. Try it out. Don't call for a mentor when it doesn't work. Let's talk about that first. You should see the console.log firing, but why isn't it toggling. This is going to be a common problem when working with the link function and event listeners. What we have here is an angular digest problem. The value is changing on the scope object, but the change isn't being reflected by our DOM. That's because angular isn't aware of the change yet. Anytime we cause an event to happen using something like jQuery or even angular's jQLite we need to let angular know that we've made a change. Add this line of code in place of your console.log, scope.$apply(). Now try it out. It should be working now, so if you're still having issues it's time to debug. What we've done is forced angular to run it's digest cycle. This is where angular checks the scope object for changes and then applies those to the DOM. This is another good lesson to learn for later. You'll most likely hit this when making changes to your element using event listeners. Step 3. Directive's re-usability. Now our directive has some extremely basic functionality. One of a directive's greatest advantages though is its ability to be placed anywhere and still be functional. Let's say instead we had a list of users instead of just one. Change the $scope property in your home controller to be users and give it this array as its value: [ { name: "Geoff McMammy", age: 43, email: "geofdude@gmail.com", city: "Provo" }, { name: "Frederick Deeder", age: 26, email: "fredeed@gmail.com", city: "Austin" }, { name: "Spencer Rentz", age: 35, email: "spencerrentz@gmail.com", city: "Sacramento" }, { name: "Geddup Ngo", age: 43, email: "geddupngo@gmail.com", city: "Orlando" }, { name: "Donst Opbie Leevin", age: 67, email: "gernee@gmail.com", city: "Phoenix" } ] Now in your home HTML add a ng-repeat to the directive call. Tell it to repeat for each user in users. Reload your page. It's working! But why? How does each directive instance know what information to display? In the link function console.log the scope parameter. Make sure it's outside of your click listener. You'll see five print outs in your console. Open up any one of them and look to the bottom. Open up the user property. It's exactly what we would want! But again why would that be the case? Don't get too caught up in this next bit if it's too hard to understand, but the ng-repeat is essentially making new tiny scope objects for each individual user in our users array. Now each of our directives is still getting a user property on the scope object just like the directive wanted in the beginning. Woot. Step 4. Ramp it up with Isolate Scope. Directives can do so much more. So let's make that happen. That means we should make.... a new directive!!! This directive's purpose will be to display a selected User and the weather in his/her/its location. Link it up just like the last one. Create a js file for our directive and name it dirWeather. Make an html file named dirWeather.html. Link it up in your index.html and add the template to your new directive object. In your directive's template give it an <h3> tag that says Weather just so we can know it's working. Above your ng-repeat on dirDisplay add your new dirWeather directive. If it's not working check the instructions above as to some common reasons why before asking a mentor for help. If you're seeing the Weather text on your page then we're ready to try out the dreaded Isolate Scope. The isolate scope object is one of the stranger API's in angular. I'm sorry but it is. Just refer to this for now. scope: { string: '@', link: '=', func: '&' } The properties on the scope object represent the attributes on the directive in the html. Our example scope object here would look something like this in the html. <example-directive string="a string" link="user" func="updateUser()"></example-directive> The hard part here is the @, =, and &. They each have very important and distinct meanings. @ says take in my attribute value as a string. = says take in my attribute value as a two-way bound variable from the parent scope. & says take in my attribute value as a reference to a function on the parent scope. It's also critical to point out that once you add a scope object you have no isolated your directive's scope. Meaning, aside from the values passed in through attributes, this directive has no connection to the $scope of its parent. That being said let's isolate our directive's scope. :worried: Add the scope property to your dirWeather. Give it the value of an object with a property of currentUser whose value is '='. Remember in your html this will look like current-user. This is the third time I've said so don't expect it again. This means that whatever comes into the currentUser attribute is going to be a value of the parent's scope object. For now test this out by passing in users[0]. Find a way to show that users information inside your dirWeather's html. Remember inside your directive now the user is represented by currentUser. Step 5. &? &!? The '=' value on your scope object has created a two-way binding between users[0] and currentUser. Now let's try out the '&'. On your home controller add a function called getWeather. It takes one parameter called city. This function will make a call to a service so we'll need to create that. Make a weather service. Name it something cool and creative like weatherService. Inside the weather service make a function called getWeather that also takes one parameter, city. Make an $http get to this url - 'http://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/weather?q=' After the q= add on the city parameter. If you want you can test this out in postman. See what kind of data you get back. If it's the weather of that city then... you win! Use $q to return a promise that only resolves with the data you want. Temperature (preferably not in Kelvin) and the weather description. Use console.log on the data coming from the $http request to get to what you want. You'll need to add both on an object that you resolve your new promise with. On your home controller have it return the result of invoking the get getWeather function on the service. You should be returning a promise. Now in your home route's HTML pass in the getWeather function to the dirWeather directive through an attribute called weather-call. Add the attribute to your isolate scope object. That was a lot of linking, but let's walk through it. Your controller has a function linked to the service, which is in turn linked to your directive. So if you run the weatherCall function in your directive it will go through your controller to your service and then back. Now things get a little bit tricky. Angular's way of passing along arguments through a directive to your controller are tricky, but once you understand how to do it, it's not hard. I'm going to give an example here of how it works. <my-directive pass-func="callFunc(data)"></my-directive> Here's how it would look in your HTML. But where's the data supposed to be coming from? It seems that you'd rather be able to pass in data from your directive. Well you still can, you just have to essentially tell angular what do use as an argument to replace data when it calls that function in your controller. The actualy function call inside the directive will look like this. $scope.passFunc({data: wantedData}) So what you'll do is pass in an object where the property name is what the argument is named in the HTML where you call the directive. That might sound confusing, but just look at the two code blocks above for a pattern. Note that pass-func becomes $scope.passFunc and data is being replaced with wantedData with the {data: wantedData} object. In our directive we want to replace city in the attribute call, for something else inside the directive. You'll follow the same pattern as above. For now let's get things set up for that function call. Add to the dirWeather directive object a property called controller. It's value will be a function. Yes, this is a controller specifically for your one directive. It works the same as any other controller, except you don't give it a name. It's $scope object will only be accessible within an instance of your directive. Don't forget to inject $scope in the function. Inside your controller function run the weatherCall function with the city property from the currentUser on your $scope. Here's where you need to make sure you've passed in a city argument in the attribute function call, and then replace that with your currentUser's city using an object with a city property. The function call should return a promise, so call .then afterward and add the data onto your $scope to display both the weather and temperature of the currentUser's city. The properties can be named whatever makes sense to you. You may also want to find a way to get rid of all the decimal places on your temperature. Now you should have everything hooked up so it shows Geoff's data and the weather data for Provo. But is that good enough? Step 6. Ramping up our ramp up. Now let's change this so it shows the weather data for whichever user we select. We're going to need to use '&' again. Make a function on the home controller that takes in a parameter and sets a property on the $scope to be that parameter. Maybe you see where this is going. We want to get this function into our dirDisplay controller. But in order to do that we need to isolate dirDisplay's scope. This also means we need to pass in each individual user through the scope object as well. To make it easier on ourselves, let's pass the current user from our ng-repeat into our directive through a user attribute. This way we can leave our two-way bindings as they are. Also pass our new function that sets our current user from our home controller into our directive through a setUser attribute. You'll need to add an argument in there again. Go with user. Your scope object in dirDisplay should have two properties. setUser with the value of '&' and user with the value of '='. As before we're going to need to do some tricky stuff to get our argument back to our controller. Call the setUser function inside our click event listener and pass in an object the sets our user argument to be the user on our directive's scope object. If you've forgotten this part go back up and take a look at how you did it before or the example in this README. Whatever user you click on now should show up in the dirWeather directive as the current user. But we're missing one thing, we want to be able to see the weather for that user too. We'll have to do one more thing that will seem a little bit tricky at first, but it's good to learn if you don't know it already since it's actually used quite frequently. We need to step up a change listener on our currentUser in the dirWeather directive. We'll use angular's $watch functionality. $watch is a method on your $scope that will watch for changes in a variable you give it. It works in two ways. $scope.$watch('property', function(value){ console.log("When $scope.property changes its new value is: ", value) }); And $scope.$watch(function(){ return myVar }, function(value){ console.log("When myVar changes its new value is: ", value); }); Remove the immediate function call that we have in there now. Maybe just comment it out for now because we'll use it in a bit. Now call the $watch method on your scope and have it watch currentUser. Either way of using $watch is fine. Have its callback run the $scope.weatherCall function just like you had it before. One thing to note is that $scope.$watch will always run once to begin with. Since that's what we want here it's great, but just be aware of that. If you've reached this point congratulate yourself. You've messed with some serious stuff today, namely directives. There are still a lot of things about directives that we can't possibly cover in a single project. If you like what we've done so far then you're in a good place to keep going. A developer who understands directives well can build a really clean looking code base. Just look at your home.html. It could have just two lines in it. If you're feeling good move on now to Step 7. Step 7. Finishing touches Try to work out these problems on your own. There should be a way to let the user know that the weather data is loading. Something that appears while our $http request is retrieving our data. The $http request shouldn't fire on both opening and closing a user's information. A color change for the currently active user would be nicer than showing that user's info inside the dirWeather modal. Or at least less redundant. Whatever else you want. We still haven't explored transclusion and ng-transclude so give that a try if you're feeling adventurous. Just know that it's a way for deciding where to put the HTML child elements of a directive. It's cool stuff that can involve some criss-crossing of scopes.
jonstorer / Bitly OauthOAuth Bitly API Wrapper LIbrary
